Skip to main content

Matter : elements , compounds and mixtures

 Matter : Elements , Compounds and Mixtures


Classification of Matter
   1.Elements
   2.Compounds
   3.Mixtures

Element Definition:

Elements – Elements constitute the simplest chemical substances in which all the atoms are exactly the same.

Compound Definition:

Compounds – Compounds are chemical substances made up of two or more elements that are chemically bound together in a fixed ratio.


What is a Compound?

When two or more elements chemically combine in a fixed ratio by mass, the obtained product is known as a compound. Compounds can be defined as substances consisting of 2 or more different types of elements in a fixed ratio of its atoms. When the elements combine, some individual property of the elements is lost and the newly formed compound has new properties.

Chemical Formula: Compounds are represented by their chemical formula. A chemical formula is a symbolic representation of the proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound.

The chemical formula of water is H2O which shows two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen have combined to form one molecule of H2O. The chemical formula for common salt is NaCl which shows one atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine combine to form one molecule of NaCl.

1. Types Of Compounds

Compounds can be classified into two types, molecular compounds and salts. In molecular compounds, the atom binds each other through covalent bonds. In salts, it is held together with ionic bonds. These are the two types of bonds out of which every compound is made of.

2. Example Of Compounds

Example of compounds includes water (H2O), Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2), etc. You could see water’s chemical formula, it says it has 2 atoms of Hydrogen combined with 1 atom of oxygen and in hydrogen peroxide, it has 2 atoms of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen.
Similarly, an example of salt would be the table salt (NaCl) which has 1 atom of sodium and one atom of chlorine.
Examples of some commonly used compounds and their molecular formula:
Compound Name     Compound Formula
Alcohol                      -  C2H6O
Acetic Acid                -  C2H4O2
Sulphuric Acid         -  H2SO4
Ammonia                  -  NH3
Methane                    -  CH4
Nitrous oxide           -  N2O
Salt                             -   NaCl


What are the Elements?

We can define elements as a species of atoms that have the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei. Although an element’s atoms have the same number of protons, they can have different numbers of neutrons and hence different masses.

Isotopes: When atoms of the same element have different numbers of neutrons, they are known as isotopes. As of now, there are 118 elements, of which the first 94 are naturally occurring while the remaining 24 are synthetic elements.

Elements are complete chemical substances which relate to a single entry in the modern periodic table. Elements consist of one kind of atoms only. They cannot be broken down into simpler fragments and can exist as atoms or as molecules. Elements are represented by symbols that are assigned by IUPAC. For example, Oxygen is represented by O, Aluminium is represented by Al, etc.

1. Types of Elements

The elements are arranged in the periodic table and are split depending upon their groups as either metallic or non-metallic. Metallic is further classified into Main Group Metals, Transition Metals, and f-block metals. These are again further divided, depending upon their properties.

2. Examples of Elements

Elements exist in their simplest form and cannot be broken down further. So, elements can exist in the form of ions, atoms, isotopes, molecules.

An example of an element is Nitrogen atom(N), Nitrogen gas (N2), Nitrogen ion(N3-) and Nitrogen isotopes (Nitrogen-13, Nitrogen-14, and Nitrogen-15).
Similarly, you could see other elements’ existence.

Examples of some commonly used elements along with their chemical symbols:
Name of the element Chemical symbol
Hydrogen                      (H)
Boron                             (B)
Carbon                           (C)
Silicon                            (Si)
Sodium                          (Na)
Lead                               (Pb)
Platinum                       (Pt)

Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs

What does compound mean?

A compound is a material formed by chemically bonding two or more chemical elements. The type of bond keeping elements in a compound together may vary: covalent bonds and ionic bonds are two common types. The elements are always present in fixed ratios in any compound.

What is an example of a compound?

A compound is a material composed of two or more components. Water, carbon dioxide and table salt are some examples of compounds.

What is the classification of compounds?

There are two basic groups of compounds. We are characterized by the way the atoms in the compound bind to each other. Such two types are called “molecular” and “salt” compounds.

What is the meaning of the term element?

A material that can not be separated by chemical means into simpler substances. Each element consists of atoms with the same atomic number, that is, each atom has in its nucleus the same number of protons as all other atoms of that element.

Is pure substance an element?

A component is a single material that can not be divided into various types of substances. Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, gold, silver and iron are examples of elements. Every element consists of just one atom form.

What is the difference between an element a compound and a mixture?

A material that only consists of one form of atom. Compound: A material which consists of more than one form of bonded atom. Mixture: a blend of two or more unbounded components or compounds; each component of the mixture preserves its own properties.

What are the two classifications of mixtures?

Two major groups can be divided into mixtures: homogeneous and heterogeneous. A homogeneous mixture is one in which the entire composition of its elements is combined evenly.

What is an atom element compound and mixture?

The same number of protons and electrons would be found in a single atom and most atoms contain at least as many neutrons as protons. An element is a material completely formed from one form of atom. A composite is a material consisting of chemically connected two or more separate elements.

Thankyou

 If you want to know more

About the basics of matter you can go to this link : Click here


Please like , subscribe , share and comment

Comments

Post a Comment

Please comment:

Popular posts

Matter

 Matter : definition and 5 states of matter A glass holds H20 in three states of matter: ice (solid), water (liquid) and vapor (gas).  Matter is the "stuff" that makes up the universe — everything that takes up space and has mass is matter.  All matter is made up of atoms, which are in turn made up of protons, neutrons and electrons.  Atoms come together to form molecules, which are the building blocks for all types of matter, according to Washington State University. Both atoms and molecules are held together by a form of potential energy called chemical energy. Unlike kinetic energy, which is the energy of an object in motion, potential energy is the energy stored in an object.  The Five States Of Matter There are four natural states of matter: Solids, liquids, gases and plasma. The fifth state is the man-made Bose-Einstein condensates. Solids In a solid, particles are packed tightly together so they don't move much. The electrons of each atom are constantly in motion,
Post a Comment
Read more

Molecules

 Molecules Molecule, a group of two or more atoms that form the smallest identifiable unit into which a pure substance can be divided and still retain the composition and chemical properties of that substance. The image of a molecule.   Several methods of representing a molecule's structure. In Lewis structures, element symbols represent atoms , and dots represent electrons surrounding them. A pair of shared electrons (covalent bond) may also be shown as a single dash. The ball-and-stick model better illustrates the spatial arrangement of the atoms . For aromatic compounds, the Kekulé structure is common, in which each bond is represented by a dash, carbon atoms are implied where two or more lines meet, and hydrogen atoms are usually omitted. Bond-line formulas, similar to the Kekulé structure, are often used for complex nonaromatic organic compounds. Sugars are often drawn as Fischer projections, in which the carbon “backbone” is drawn as a straight vertical line, with carbon ato
Post a Comment
Read more